Water Disinfection
Contamination of water with microorganisms (bacteria, viruses, algae, etc.) is a major problem in numerous domestic, public, industrial and leasure situations. Up to date, the most commonly used techniques to disinfect water are UV-treatment, treatment with chemicals and membrane filtration. Most of them have at least one of the following characteristics: high cost, expensive maintenance, instantaneous treatment, handling of chemical products, lack of efficiency. By avoiding these drawbacks, electrochemical processes represent a real step forward for water disinfection.
Adamant Technologies innovative electrochemical processes based on DiaCell®-Technology and Adamant®-Electrodes are excellent candidates for chemical free water disinfection with residual. Their exceptional efficiency and eco-friendliness are due to their capability to produce a mixture of several very powerful oxidants, mainly based on active oxygen, directly from water itself and constitutive mineral salts
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Disinfectant Production
Depending on the composition of the water medium, several disinfecting agents are produced at diamond electrodes. The presence of chlorides, sulfates and carbonates respectively induces a very efficient generation of free chlorine, peroxodisulfate and percarbonates. But peroxides, ozone and hydroxyl radical are also directly produced from water. Most often, with diamond electrodes, a mixture of all these oxidants is responsible for the water disinfection.
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Bacteria Inactivation
Field results and laboratory evaluation of water samples inoculated with bacteria show that a comparative disinfection with the DiaCell® and with conventional chlorine dosing always turns on the advantage of the DiaCell®.
The DiaCell® technology shows amazing results for the inactivation of Legionella. Simple DiaCell® electrolysis allows a good prevention against Legionella contamination for potable water and for continuously treated closed systems. DiaCell® can be used to disinfect potable water contaminated by Legionella (10'000-1'000'000 CFu/mL). A remarkable inactivation is already observed after a contact time of 5 minutes. A low level of disinfectant (< 1 ppm) is sufficient to rapidly sanitize a distribution system. Then, a residual content (0.1 – 0.2 ppm) can keep this system disinfected (link graphical data).
The inactivation of Escherichia Coli in tap water is at least 3 times faster with the DiaCell® electrochemical treatment than with conventional chlorine dosing.
Marine Bacteria H40 is inactivated in seawater 4 times faster by disinfectants generated with the Diacell® than with the same concentration (0.3 ppm) of chlorine from hypochlorite.
Virus Inactivation
Treatment with the DiaCell® induces a strong and rapid inactivation of Adenovirus H40/1 (>99%) by a disinfectant equivalent content of 0.12 ppm. Disinfection with the same disinfectant concentration achieved by hypochlorite dosing is 20 times slower.
DiaCell® and Adamant®-Electrodes are also very efficient against algae i.e. in pools and ponds.
Applications
Already identified applications are swimming pool and spa water disinfection, biological poll disinfection, drinking water, closed water circuits and process water in industries and energy supply, humidifiers, air-conditioning systems, cooling towers (elimination of algae, Legionella and germs), warm water systems in hotels and hospitals (e.g. elimination of Legionella), disinfection of biologically cleaned wastewater (sewage), etc.
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